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The blog

Marmanda's notebook.

Long, sourced articles about the vegetable garden: what to plant and when, which pairings actually hold up, how to read a sowing calendar.

4 min read

Planting rhubarb: give the crown room before you harvest

Choose a lasting position for this perennial, then let the crown establish before picking stems. Leave the first year unharvested, pick lightly in the second and never eat the leaves.

  • Planting
  • Vegetable garden
  • Rhubarb

3 min read

Sowing parsley: prepare the seed and be patient

Parsley can take several weeks to germinate. Optional soaking, steady moisture and a clearly marked row help you avoid assuming too soon that the sowing has failed.

  • Herbs
  • Parsley
  • Sowing

3 min read

Sowing winter squash: pots, space and ripeness

Butternut, red kuri and pumpkins do not all take the same space. Choose between starting in pots and direct sowing, then reserve enough ground for fruits to mature.

  • Squash
  • Vegetable garden
  • Sowing

3 min read

Autumn green manures: choose a cover and plan its end

Rye, vetch and field beans do different jobs. Choose according to sowing conditions, soil and the next crop, then decide how you will terminate the cover.

  • Autumn
  • Green manure
  • Soil

3 min read

Sowing cucumbers: choose between greenhouse and outdoors

Cucumbers need warmth, but the right sowing depends on where the plant will finish. Separate heated greenhouse, unheated cover and outdoor growing before moving a young plant.

  • Cucumber
  • Sowing
  • Greenhouse

3 min read

Clay soil in a vegetable garden: when to work it

Check whether clay is ready to work, keep traffic off wet beds and choose improvements for the problem you observe. A practical guide to soil condition, organic matter and drainage.

  • Small garden
  • Planning
  • Soil
  • Clay soil

4 min read

Sowing leeks: nursery, transplanting and timing

Plan a leek crop from sowing through transplanting, with practical nursery, spacing and aftercare cues for the harvest season you want.

  • Calendar
  • Planting
  • Leek
  • Sowing

3 min read

Sowing beetroot: seed clusters and thinning

Learn why beet seedlings can emerge in clusters, then choose a direct-sowing or nursery method and manage spacing for the roots you want.

  • Beetroot
  • Calendar
  • Sowing

3 min read

Sowing garden peas: varieties, method and seasons

For UK gardens, sow peas outdoors from March once the soil reaches about 10°C. Match row layout and support to plant height, and use repeat sowings for a longer harvest.

  • Autumn
  • Calendar
  • Peas
  • Sowing

3 min read

Slugs in the vegetable garden: observe and protect

Identify what is eating your seedlings, check the vulnerable rows and use targeted hand-picking. Adjust damp debris around crops while keeping useful mulch and garden wildlife.

  • Slugs
  • Small garden
  • Sowing
  • Soil

3 min read

When to plant onions: seed, sets and climate

For UK gardens, direct-sow onions in early to mid-spring as the soil warms, or plant sets in spring. Learn how the two methods differ and when overwintering varieties fit.

  • Calendar
  • Onion
  • Planting
  • Sowing

3 min read

When to plant shallots: types, timing and method

In a UK garden, plant most shallot sets in spring and reserve autumn or winter planting for suitable varieties and free-draining ground. Learn the spacing and planting method.

  • Autumn
  • Calendar
  • Shallot
  • Planting

3 min read

Sowing broad beans: spacing, depth and care

In the UK, sow broad beans outdoors in March, April or early May. Autumn or February sowing is for mild or sheltered sites with hardy varieties; follow the RHS depth and spacing for your method.

  • Autumn
  • Calendar
  • Broad bean
  • Sowing

3 min read

Winter lettuce: sowing, transplanting and protection

In the UK, sow a winter lettuce variety in September or October under cover, or in a mild garden under a cloche or cold frame. Thin and protect plants according to their type and site.

  • Autumn
  • Lettuce
  • Planting
  • Sowing

3 min read

Sowing radishes: spacing and successive crops

Learn how salad and winter radishes differ in sowing depth, spacing and harvest, then stagger small batches for a steadier supply.

  • Calendar
  • Radish
  • Sowing

3 min read

How deep should a raised vegetable bed be?

Check the bed base and the soil beneath before choosing a depth. Compare open beds with containers on paving, then match the available root zone and drainage to your crops.

  • Raised bed
  • Small garden
  • Planning
  • Soil

3 min read

Sowing courgettes: pots indoors or direct sowing?

Check light, space and the local frost outlook before starting courgettes indoors. Choose between pots and direct sowing, then prepare a gradual move outdoors without treating UK dates as universal.

  • Courgette
  • Planting
  • Sowing

3 min read

Watering a vegetable garden: check before you water

Check moisture below the surface before watering. Adapt your method to seedlings, established crops, rainfall and containers, and keep a simple record of what works in your garden.

  • Watering
  • Small garden
  • Planning
  • Soil

3 min read

Sowing spinach: germination and successive harvests

In the UK, sow spinach in cool weather in mid to late spring or late summer to early autumn. Choose a hardy variety for an overwintering crop, then thin seedlings and pick leaves in succession.

  • Autumn
  • Calendar
  • Spinach
  • Sowing

3 min read

Protecting a vegetable garden from frost: what to cover

Identify the crops most exposed to frost, choose between fleece and a tunnel, then secure and monitor the cover. Practical steps for seedlings, pots and established beds.

  • Autumn
  • Frost
  • Small garden
  • Planting

3 min read

Sowing carrots: germination and thinning

Learn to sow carrots in a prepared bed, keep the seedbed moist while seeds emerge and thin seedlings without disturbing the roots.

  • Calendar
  • Carrot
  • Sowing

3 min read

Planting garlic in autumn: timing, spacing and depth

Autumn garlic succeeds less through an exact date than through drainage, healthy cloves and coherent spacing. A complete method from choosing bulbs to harvest.

  • Garlic
  • Autumn
  • Planting

5 min read

Vegetable sowing and planting calendar, month by month

A useful calendar is more than twelve lists. It separates protected sowing, direct sowing and planting out, then adjusts each window for climate, soil and crop.

  • Calendar
  • Planning
  • Sowing

3 min read

Growing lamb's lettuce: when to sow, thin and harvest

Lamb's lettuce is easy once established. The challenge is a shallow sowing, cool moist soil and a date that leaves enough light for growth before winter.

  • Autumn
  • Lamb's lettuce
  • Sowing

6 min read

Why Do My Tomatoes Have Black Bottoms? Blossom End Rot Explained

Blossom end rot is not a disease, not a fungus, and almost never a shortage of calcium in your soil. It is a water supply problem inside the plant, which changes entirely what you should do about it.

  • Diseases
  • Soil
  • Tomato

6 min read

Companion plants for courgettes, and why space matters more

Companion planting charts talk about which plants like each other. With courgettes the real questions are bulk, shade and pollination. Here is what holds up and what is only tradition.

  • Companion planting
  • Pairings
  • Courgette
Marmanda 3D garden model: five beds of tomatoes, lettuce, carrots, courgettes and beans in a rectangular plot.

7 min read

How Far Apart Should You Plant Tomatoes?

There is no single correct distance between two tomato plants. Here are the three variables that decide it, the spacings most growers work from, and how to adjust them for your own plot.

  • Diseases
  • Small garden
  • Tomato

8 min read

Tomato blight: how to prevent it, and why you cannot cure it

Late blight is not a fungus, and that distinction explains everything else. Its biology sets the terms: liquid water on the leaves and a moderate temperature. Everything that actually works consists of denying it those terms.

  • Diseases
  • Rotation
  • Tomato

4 min read

When to plant tomatoes: the date is not a date

"After the last frost" is not a method. Here are the three signals that actually determine planting time, and how to read them where you live.

  • Calendar
  • Sowing
  • Tomato

4 min read

What to plant in September

September is not the end of the season. It is the month that decides what your garden looks like in March, provided you sow quickly.

  • Calendar
  • Sowing
  • September

Turn the reading into a garden.

Marmanda turns this advice into a dated, placed plan for your own plot.